Which part of the eye is the light-sensitive inner surface that contains the receptor rods and cones and begins processing visual information?

• A. Iris
• B. Retina
• C. Choroid
• D. Cornea

Answer: (B)

The retina is the light-sensitive inner surface of the eye that contains receptor rods and cones and begins processing visual information. It lines the back of the eye and converts incoming light into neural signals through phototransduction. Rods detect dim light and motion, while cones detect color and fine detail. These signals pass through retinal neurons to form the optic nerve, which carries information to the brain for further processing. The other structures play different roles: the iris adjusts pupil size to regulate light entry, the cornea provides the transparent window that helps focus light, and the choroid nourishes the retina and absorbs stray light.